浙江大学生就业现状、问题及建议
<P><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">内容提要:</SPAN></STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">虽然金融危机对浙江省大学生就业的影响逐步加深,但从总体上看,浙江的大学生就业局势基本保持稳定,促进大学生就业的政策效果也初步显现,而理想与现实的落差仍是大学生就业难的主要表现,并且呈现了民营经济就业、自主创业和基层就业等三大发展趋势。但是,当前大学生就业中,仍然存在着政策知晓率偏低、企业招用大学生积极性不高、大学生实践经验缺乏、先就业后择业观念不强以及经济发展对大学生的吸纳能力下降等问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 就业是民生之本。大学生就业,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">更是寄托着千万家庭的殷切希望。随着金融危机对我国经济的影响加深,曾经的“天之骄子”,如今路在何方?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 一、浙江大学生</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue"><FONT face="Times New Roman" color=#000000></FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就业的现状</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近年来大学生总体就业局势基本保持稳定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 近年来,面对日益严峻的大学生就业形势,浙江省各级党委和政府高度重视,社会各界密切配合,大学生积极转变就业观念,使得浙江省的大学生就业形势基本保持稳定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,浙江省</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的青年大学生的失业率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,与近几年的水平基本保持一致。据教育部门统计,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年浙江省普通高校毕业生初次就业率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">93.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,比上年增加</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,比全国平均水平高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点(见表</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)。虽然这两组数据的统计对象、口径、时点和调查方式等均不相同,但数据反映的情况和趋势却基本一致,充分体现了近年来浙江省总体稳定的大学生就业局势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近年来浙江省大学生就业情况</SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>单位:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2>%<O:P></O:P></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
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<TABLE class=NOBORDER style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; cellSpacing: 0; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-border-insidev: .25pt solid black; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; align: center" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 align=center border=0>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年份</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 139.05pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">岁大学生失业率</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="COLOR: #045d7f; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: blue; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">高校毕业生初次就业</SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="COLOR: #045d7f; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: blue; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1">
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2006<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 139.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.3<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">92.4<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 139.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.8<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">92.5<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 139.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.3<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 138.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=185>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">93.2<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">金融危机对大学生就业的影响逐步加深</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 国际金融危机加速蔓延,对我国浙江省经济社会发展的影响不断加深,也影响到就业形势。浙江省企业用工大大减少,企业关停(减)产、休假和裁员现象普遍存在,企业用工需求趋于谨慎。一季度浙江省城镇单位从业人员不增反降,同比减少</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.6%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,浙江省城镇登记失业率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,比上年同期提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 其中,受供求两方面的影响,大学生的就业局势更是逐步趋于紧张。一方面,我国自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1999</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年开始大学扩招以来,高校毕业生人数从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2001</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">114</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人,一路攀升到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">611</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人,使得我国在很短的时间内进入了高等教育大众化阶段。浙江省高校毕业生人数也快速增长,屡创历史新高,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年浙江省高校毕业生规模达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人,比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年增加</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万人,增长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.2%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。另一方面,受经济发展趋缓、企业经营困难的影响,劳动力市场对大学生的需求明显减少。从一些高校掌握的招聘单位提供的大学生就业岗位看,今年的大学生就业岗位比往年下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%以上,大学生的供需比有所下降,平均每个毕业生收到的签约意向也较往年减少。另外,根据浙江省劳动力市场供求状况统计数据显示,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年用人单位对大专及以上文化程度的用人需求占全部需求的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.0%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,比上年下降了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年一季度对大学生的用工需求占</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,比上年同期下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。随着劳动力市场中大学生供求矛盾的加剧,使得当前大学生就业难问题日益显现。据</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月浙江省劳动力抽样调查数据显示,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁青年大学生的失业率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,比去年同期提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。虽然大学生的失业率比上年有所提高,但大学生就业局势总体趋稳定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 全国高校毕业生人数变化趋势</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">促进大学生就业的政策效果初步显现</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 为了积极应对金融危机对大学生就业的影响,去年以来,中央和各级地方政府出台了一系列促进大学生就业的政策,并且政策力度空前。在这些优惠政策的激励下,就业形势紧张的格局得到了不同程度的缓解。据教育部门统计,截至</SPAN><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = ST1 /><ST1:CHSDATE year="2009" month="6" day="20" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日</SPAN></ST1:CHSDATE><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,浙江省高校毕业生签约率为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">68.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,比去年同期提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,其中,本科生、专科生和高职生的签约率分别提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8.7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">理想与现实的落差仍是大学生就业难的主要表现</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 虽然当前大多数高校毕业生感觉就业难度加大,但浙江的大学生就业机会仍然比较多。从浙江的实际情况来看,“大学生就业难”主要还是表现在大学生就业期望值与现实之间的差距,在就业中普遍存在“找份工作不难,但找份理想的工作很难”的现象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 但是,随着大学生的就业逐步从“精英化”走向“大众化”,近年来新毕业生的实际就业情况,与大学生的就业愿望,以及历届大学生的就业情况均存在较大的落差。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,浙江省</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的新大学毕业生中,有超过六成的大学生进入民营企业工作,占了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">63.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,其中,个私经济就占</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">53.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,而备受大学生青睐的机关事业单位、国企和外企分别只占</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,与大学生的期望有较大差距。与历届大学生相比,尤其是与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2001</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年以前毕业的大学生相比,新大学生在机关事业单位工作的下降了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">28.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,而在民营企业工作的提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">29.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,当前大学生就业现状与他们的师兄师姐们存在着十分显著的差别。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 从大学生的就业地域来看,也离大学生们的期望有不少距离。只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">34.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的新大学生能够留在杭州、宁波这两个大城市的城区</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">工作,到温州等</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个设区市的城区及义乌市这些中等城市工作的占</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">41.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的大学生需要到基层县(市)工作。大学生求职过程中理想与现实的落差,已成为大学生就业难的主要体现。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 二、浙江的大学生就业呈现三大趋势</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 面对严峻的就业形势,大学生就业出现了民营经济就业、自主创业和基层就业等三大趋势。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">民营经济对大学生就业的贡献呈现“一枝独秀”态势</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 浙江民营经济的快速发展,吸引了一大批高校毕业生到民营企业工作。图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">显示,近年来,在机关事业、国企和外商投资企业等经济类型吸纳大学生就业逐步趋缓的情况下,民营经济不但吸纳大学生就业的能力强、比重大,并且逐年稳步提升,对大学生就业的贡献呈现“一枝独秀”的发展态势。据</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月开展的浙江省劳动力抽样调查显示,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">63.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁新就业大学生在民营经济就业,比上年提高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。与此相反,作为大学生传统就业“大户”的机关团体事业单位,只吸纳了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的新大学生,并且这一比重呈逐年下降的趋势。另外,值得关注的是,以高新技术产业为主的外商、港澳台投资企业,本应对大学生这个高素质劳动力群体有着旺盛需求,但近年来其对大学生就业的贡献不升反降,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年在其就业的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁大学生的比重不足</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁大学生的就业单位分布情况</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><IMG style="WIDTH: 600px" alt="" src="http://www.zjol.com.cn/pic/0/03/02/03/3020343_993409.jpg" border=0 name=normal></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大学生创业比重逐年提升</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 创业是就业之源,以创业促就业,变被动为主动,是大学毕业生面对严峻就业形势的一种积极思路。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 随着鼓励大学生自主创业的优惠政策和帮扶计划陆续出台,大学生创业环境和创业条件也日趋成熟。浙江省规定对高校毕业生从事个体经营的,除国家限制行业外,三年内免交登记类、管理类和证照类的各项行政事业性收费;毕业生两年内创业资金不足的可申请小额担保贷款等。许多高校和相关政府部门开设了创业培训方面的课程和创业实践活动,提高大学生的创业兴趣,培养大学生创业知识和创业技能。各地政府或高校还纷纷成立了大学生创业园或者孵化器,降低创业成本,帮助和指导大学生进行创业。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 大学生“从就业到创业”,既是浙江浓厚创业环境熏陶和创业政策鼓励的结果,也是浙江大学生择业观念发生根本性转变的表现。面对越来越严峻的就业形势,越来越多浙江的大学毕业生主动转变就业观念,选择了自主创业。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">7.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的青年大学生选择了自主创业或和家人一起创业,这一比重近年来均以超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点的速度在稳步提升。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 选择创业的</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁大学生比重</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大学生基层就业稳步增长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 浙江是一个以县域经济发展快、活力旺、实力强的省份,坚持以农村工业化推动浙江省工业化,走出了一条专业市场、块状产业和小城镇建设相互促进的发展区域特色经济的路子,县域经济获得了迅速发展。县域经济的快速发展,也为大学生就业创造了有利条件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年底,浙江省在任大学生村官人数达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">18533</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人,分布在浙江省所有县(市、区)的村(社区)中,从总量上看,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">57.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的村(社区)已配有大学生村官,其中嘉兴、湖州已经达到全覆盖,部分县(区、市)已经实现村村有大学生村官。浙江省政府在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月下发的《关于加强普通高校毕业生就业工作的意见》中,明确提出争取今明两年浙江省增加</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万个城乡社区工作者岗位,并计划招聘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">万名左右高校毕业生从事农村中小学教育及农村乡镇卫生医疗工作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 随着基层就业优惠政策的陆续出台,很多大学生也开始转变就业的地域观念,愿意到基层、农村就业。调查显示,近年来留在大城市的大学生比重逐步降低,到基层县(市)的相应增长,而到中等城市的大学生则基本保持稳定。从表</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可以看出,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,选择到基层县(市)工作的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁青年大学生比重分别比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2006</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年提高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点,呈稳步增长趋势;相反,留在杭州、宁波这两个大城市就业的大学生比重逐年下降,而选择在中等城市工作的大学生基本保持稳定。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>20-24</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁大学生就业地域的变化情况</SPAN></STRONG></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=2>单位:</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=2>%<O:P></O:P></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P>
<TABLE class=NOBORDER style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; cellSpacing: 0; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-border-insidev: .25pt solid black; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; align: center" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 align=center border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 1cm; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.1pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年份</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大城市</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中等城市</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: black 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 1cm; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">基层县市</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.1pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2006<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.15pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">39.4<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.4<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">37.2<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.1pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.15pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">36.7<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.6<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">39.8<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.15pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.1pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.15pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">34.9<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid black 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid black .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">23.9<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 104.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .25pt" width=139>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">41.2<O:P></O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 三、当前促进大学生就业中存在的问题</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 为了应对日趋严峻的大学生就业难问题,各级政府、高校、企业和社会各界都积极采取相应措施,帮助大学生就业和创业,大学生自身也转变就业观念,主动应对就业难的挑战。但在各方一系列应对大学生就业难的措施中,仍然存在着不少问题,有待于进一步改进和完善。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大学生和企业对促进就业政策的知晓率均偏低</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 去年以来,中央和各级地方政府陆续出台了一系列促进大学生就业的政策。但由于政出多门,并且各级地方政府也都结合当地情况对中央的政策有所拓展,导致不同地方的政策都不尽相同。政策的多样性和分散性,使得大学生和企业对促进就业政策的知晓率均偏低。从调研的情况看,大部分大学生都表示只是听说过有优惠政策,但不清楚具体内容,甚至不少高校的大学生就业辅导员也难以完全掌握各地政策的详细情况。从企业来看,调查显示</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位“没有听说过”相关优惠政策,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">52.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位“知道,但不十分清楚”优惠政策有哪些内容、如何申请等,只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">33.6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位“基本了解”,而“十分了解”的用人单位更是只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%。其中,民营企业“基本了解”或“十分了解”的仅为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">34.1%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,分别比机关和事业单位低</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40.6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">27.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个百分点。这表明政策的宣传力度仍需进一步加大。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">优惠政策的落实尚有待加强</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 为了鼓励高校毕业生自主创业,促进就业的政策中明确规定了对大学生自主创业的市场准入、资金、税费、社会服务等方面的支持。但是由于尚未制定出具体的实施办法,优惠政策缺乏可操作性,大多还停留在政策层面。并且这些优惠政策分散在工商、税务、人力资源等多个部门,加上大学生是初次创业,没有实际的申请经验,使得许多优惠政策尚难以落实到大学生身上,尤其在经营领域、融资渠道和税收优惠等关系到大学生创业的关键问题上,创业的大学生们并没有享受到真正的扶持。调研中发现,大部分大学生不知道如何向政府部门申请创业基金。而在创业资金短缺时向银行贷款时,却因为大学生自主创业风险大,在申请贷款时又没法出示贵重的抵押物,被拒绝的概率很高。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 同样的,一些促进企业招收高校毕业生的优惠政策,也是由于缺乏具体的实施办法,难以落实到企业,对企业招用大学生的推动作用尚未体现。调查显示,在今年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月底前已招收过大学生的单位中,只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的企业享受过相关优惠政策,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的企业正在申请相关补贴,而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">93.3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的企业没有申请或者不知道相关政策。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">企业新招用大学生的积极性不高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 受金融危机的冲击,企业生产经营面临较大困难,并且由于下一阶段的经济走势尚不明朗,许多企业用工仍趋于谨慎,新招用大学生的积极性不高,不少单位更是减少了招聘应届毕业生的计划。调查数据显示,在调查的全部单位中,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">66.7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的单位</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2009</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年全年没有招收大学生的计划,其中,分别有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">46.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">61.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">69.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">70.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">49.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的政府机关、事业单位、国有企业、民营企业和外资企业全年没有招收大学生的计划;与往年相比,今年有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位减少了计划招收大学生数量,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">77.7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的单位基本持平,而只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的单位增加招聘大学生人数;分别有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">17.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">25.4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10.6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">22.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的政府机关、事业单位、国有企业、民营企业和外资企业今年的大学生招收人数有所减少,其中,事业单位和外资企业减少招收的单位比重明显高于其他单位;截至</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月底,全部调查单位已完成了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">48.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的大学生招收计划。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺乏实践经验仍是影响大学生就业的主要因素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 调查显示,大学生和用人单位都认为“大学生缺乏实践经验”是造成当前大学生就业难的首要因素,分别有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">27.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的大学生(单选项)和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">57.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位(多选项)有着相同的感受,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">59.6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的用人单位在招收大学生时首先考虑实习经历和实践能力。这说明劳动力市场的供需双方已对提高大学生的实践能力形成高度共识,并有着迫切的需求。当前,主要有三方面因素制约着大学生难有实习机会,进而导致大学生实践经验的缺乏。一是企业接收大学生实习的热情不高,这也是问题的关键所在。由于大学生掌握的专业知识仍较粗浅,并且实习期比较短,能做的事情比较少,加上企业担心会影响正常工作,或者担心泄漏商业机密等原因,很多企业在接收实习生方面持保守态度。据央视《东方时空》栏目的一项调查显示,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">52</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的企业不太愿意接收实习生,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">51</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的大学生对自己的实习成果不太满意甚至很不满意。二是学校实习活动的组织有待加强。受师资和教学环境限制,许多高校的专业设置、课程教学与科学技术的发展水平、企业的实际需求存在脱节现象,尤其缺少案例教学和实践教学,大学生难以在课程学习中获得实践经验。同时,由于学校缺乏实习基地,校企联系不够紧密,很多学校没有条件有组织地开展实习活动,而只能依靠学生自行联系实习单位,分散实习,实习效果不高。三是大学生的实习时间和精力难以保证。受</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">GRE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、托福、英语等级考试、会计师、司法考试、研究生和公务员等证书热、考试热的影响,大学生在学校期间甚至假期里将大量的时间花在各类考试的准备上,或忙于找工作,却少有时间和精力去企业进行实习锻炼。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 面对理想与现实的差距,积极转变就业观念,打破一步到位、从一而终的旧的就业观,放下身段,先就业后择业,应是大学生主动应对当前就业难的有效举措。许多大学生也是这样做的,他们通过到基层就业、到民营企业就业、自主创业等形式,主动地破解就业难。但是,也有不少的大学生被严峻的就业形势所吓倒,既找不到合适的工作,又不愿去从事太辛劳的工作,也没有去参加相关培训提高自己的求职本领,而是在家坐等,“先就业后择业”的意识不强。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月的浙江省劳动力调查数据显示,在尚未就业的身体健康的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20-24</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁大学毕业生中,有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">29.7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的人由于没有找到合适的工作,就索性空等在家里,变成了“啃老族”;有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">13.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的毕业生选择在家里一门心思准备考研、考公务员等,期望一步到位实现理想的就业目标;另有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">12.1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%的人将寻找工作的重任完全委托给家人亲友,在求职过程中做“甩手掌柜”,而不是自己主动地通过招聘会、网络等形式积极寻找工作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经济发展对大学生的吸纳能力有所下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 以发展经济来促就业,是解决大学生就业问题的最终之道。虽然近年来浙江的大学毕业生人数不断增加,但大学生就业人数的增速始终低于经济增长的速度,大学生就业弹性系数</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: blue"></SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">呈逐年下降态势,浙江经济发展对大学生的吸纳能力有待进一步提升。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,大学生的就业弹性系数为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,分别比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2007</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2006</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。产业层次偏低是导致大学生需求不足的主要原因,大学生就业难与经济转型升级速度还不够快有着密切关系。在产业链中,除了加工制造外还有六大环节:产品设计,原料采购,仓储运输,订单处理,批发经营,终端零售。这六个环节既是最能创造价值的环节,也是对大学生等高素质人才需求量更大的环节。然而浙江的产业结构基本还是以劳动密集型、低加工、低附加值的传统轻型制造业为主,大量企业还处于产业链最低端――加工制造环节上。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2008</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年,浙江省生产总值中第二产业的比重为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">53.9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%,第三产业的比重只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">41.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">%。经济增长主要依靠生产性部门扩张驱动,决定了经济增长虽然创造大量就业机会,但这些就业机会主要分布在生产性领域和部门,企业用工需求的对象主要是低技能普通廉价劳动力,而对知识性人才的需求却相对有限。这不仅使企业难以获得更好效益,难以抵御风险,更是增加了大学生就业难度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 四、政策建议</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></STRONG></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 大学生就业工作事关千百万群众的切身利益,事关社会稳定与和谐,我们要从学习实践科学发展观的高度,认真分析当前经济发展形势,着眼于提高政策的针对性和有效性,做到以下“五个统筹”,坚定信心,扎实工作,努力推动大学生就业工作取得更大的成效。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹大学生就业政策的宣传和政策的落实,抓紧制定优惠政策的实施办法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 为使更多的大学生和用人单位更加深入地了解促进大学生就业优惠政策,促进浙江省大学生就业工作的开展,要加大优惠政策的宣传力度,突出宣传重点,创新宣传手段和方式,提高宣传效果。各地要及时对各项促进大学生就业创业政策进行梳理,特别是优惠政策的基本内容、享受条件和申请办法,及时通过网络等各种渠道发布,并编印成册,免费发放给大学生和企业,帮助大学生和企业进一步了解政策,掌握政策,用好政策。要抓住大学生创业和鼓励企业吸纳大学生就业这两个优惠政策的重点,利用案例宣传,采用通俗易懂的方式做好政策宣传和阐释工作。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹相关行政和政策资源,形成促进大学生就业的行政合力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 促进大学生就业是一项关系到民生的重要工作,需要统筹相关政策和政府各职能部门的行政资源,各部门发挥各自的职能优势,共同形成促进大学生就业的合力。加强各政府部门现有行政资源的协作,是促进大学生就业的重点。其中,大学生就业信息发布平台的整合是政府资源整合的重中之重。要协调整合相关行政资源,切实打破部门界限和地区界限,建立统一、开放、有序的大学生就业信息发布平台,实现不同部门、地区间大学生就业信息和网络的互联互通,资源共享,强化信息的沟通和交流,使大学生能了解到更多的就业信息,同时也让用人单位能招聘到满意的毕业生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹协调大学生见习制度和实习制度,提高大学生的实践能力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 日前,浙江省政府要求各地加快建立回原籍未就业高校毕业生见习制度,今年争取在浙江省建立见习基地</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">家。大学生见习制度的实施,对于增强高校毕业生的就业竞争能力,促进大学生顺利就业,将起到积极的作用。但是,我们更应关注在校大学生的实习情况,完善大学生实习制度,未雨绸缪,使大学生在毕业前就具备岗位对口的实践经历。从当前的制度安排来看,借助已实施的大学生见习制度平台,建立促进大学生实习的长效机制,是解决大学教育与社会脱节,提高大学生实践能力,最终促进大学生就业的有效方法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹经济发展与大学生就业,在转型升级中拓展大学生就业空间</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 要通过体制创新构建有利于促进浙江经济转型提升的制度环境,切实破解产学研合作的各种障碍,加快创业创新平台的建设,集聚创新资源,激活创新要素,转化创新成果,着力营造创业创新的良好环境,鼓励大学生自主创业创新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统筹人才需求规划与大学生培养计划,实现大学生需求与供给的有效衔接</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> 市场需求与人才培养的错位,是导致大学生就业难的重要原因之一。破解这个错位的有效方法,就是要统筹协调人才需求规划与大学生培养计划,实现大学生需求与供给的有效衔接。要根据浙江产业政策的发展规划和经济转型升级的要求,站在浙江省经济发展全局的高度,加强当前和今后一个时期人才工作面临的重大问题的调查研究,分析现有人才资源中存在的问题,充分考虑未来经济、社会发展对人才队伍建设的影响,增强人才需求规划编制的预见性和前瞻性。提高人才培养质量,使大学生教育与经济发展的用人需求更有效地实现对接。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">如没有特指,本文涉及的大学生均指大专及以上文化程度的人口,即包括高职、专科、本科和研究生。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> <SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>这个调查失业率由统计部门在每年的<SPAN lang=EN-US>11</SPAN>月初通过劳动力抽样调查获得。计算公式为:失业率=失业人数÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>就业人数<SPAN lang=EN-US>+</SPAN>失业人数<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>×<SPAN lang=EN-US>100%</SPAN>,其就业的判断标准是“在调查前的一周内是否从事了至少<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>小时的有收入的劳动”,包括了灵活就业、在职休假等。这里为原始调查数据,未经评估修正。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> <SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>为教育部门每年截止<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>月底的统计数据,指全省高校应届大专及以上毕业生的就业率。计算公式为:毕业生就业率<SPAN lang=EN-US>=(</SPAN>毕业生总人数-未就业毕业生人数<SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN>÷毕业生总人数×<SPAN lang=EN-US>100%</SPAN>,其中,毕业生考取研究生、出国都属于就业范畴。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> <SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>包括上城、下城、江干、拱墅、西湖、滨江、萧山、余杭、海曙、江东、江北、北仑、镇海、鄞州等<SPAN lang=EN-US>14</SPAN>个区。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> <SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>为了全面反映当前大学生就业状况,省统计局于今年<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>月中旬在全省范围组织的面向大学生的问卷调查,又于<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>月初专门组织杭州、宁波等地开展了面向用人单位的大学生就业情况问卷调查,并以召开高校就业指导专家座谈会、学生座谈会等形式听取情况反映,多角度地了解当前大学生就业状况和存在的问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"> <SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN>大学生就业弹性系数=大学生从业人数增长率÷<SPAN lang=EN-US>GDP</SPAN>增长率,其中<SPAN lang=EN-US>GDP</SPAN>增长率按可比价格计算。<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P> 这数据那里来的啊
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